{
  "generated": "2026-08-01",
  "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
  "source": "https://calculateit.net",
  "states": [
    {
      "state": "Alabama",
      "code": "AL",
      "agency": "Alabama Department of Revenue",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 23,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 539.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 23,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 631.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 500,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 203,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 103,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Verified ALDOR: $23 flat passenger/pickup. EV +$203, PHEV +$103. Local ad valorem NOT included.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.revenue.alabama.gov/tax-types/motor-vehicle-registration-fees/",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/alabama-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 500
        },
        {
          "label": "dealer agent commission",
          "amount": 1.5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Alaska",
      "code": "AK",
      "agency": "Alaska DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 50,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 65,
      "annualRenewalExample": 50,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 265,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$100 is a 2-YEAR (biennial) fee = $50/yr equivalent. Local MVRT tax extra in some boroughs. No EV fee.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.alaska.gov/vehicle-services/general-vehicle-registration/",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/alaska-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": []
    },
    {
      "state": "Arizona",
      "code": "AZ",
      "agency": "Arizona DOT MVD",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 8,
      "titleFee": 4,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 432,
      "annualRenewalExample": 428,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2144,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$8 registration + $32 Public Safety Fee = $40 base. Value-based Vehicle License Tax (VLT) NOT included. No EV fee.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://azdot.gov/mvd/services/vehicle-services/title-and-registration/purchases-out-state-dealer",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/arizona-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "vehicle license tax",
          "amount": 420
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Arkansas",
      "code": "AR",
      "agency": "Arkansas DFA",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 25,
      "titleFee": 10,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1660,
      "annualRenewalExample": 25,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1760,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1625,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 200,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 100,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Weight-based passenger: $17 (<=3,000 lbs) / $25 (3,001-4,500) / $30 (>4,500). County property tax extra. EV +$200, PHEV +$100, HEV +$50.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.dfa.arkansas.gov/mydmv-service/registration-fee-schedule",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/arkansas-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1625
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "California",
      "code": "CA",
      "agency": "California DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 76,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 2251.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 379,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 3767.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1812.5,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 121,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$74 base + ~$34 CHP + VLF 0.65% of value (declining) + TIF $25-$231 by value. ZEV Road Improvement Fee ~$121/yr (indexed, MY2020+).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-registration/registration-fees/",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/california-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1812.5
        },
        {
          "label": "vehicle license fee",
          "amount": 163
        },
        {
          "label": "transportation improvement fee",
          "amount": 132
        },
        {
          "label": "California Highway Patrol fee",
          "amount": 34
        },
        {
          "label": "title transfer fee",
          "amount": 15
        },
        {
          "label": "alternative fuel technology fee",
          "amount": 3
        },
        {
          "label": "license plate fee",
          "amount": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Colorado",
      "code": "CO",
      "agency": "Colorado DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 36,
      "titleFee": 7.2,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 489.45,
      "annualRenewalExample": 482.25,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2418.45,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 89,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 76,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "~$30 fixed fees + Specific Ownership Tax (MSRP/age-based, NOT included). EV $63.05 + $26 road-usage = $89; PHEV $76 (NCSL 2026).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.colorado.gov/dmv-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/colorado-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "Specific Ownership Tax",
          "amount": 446.25
        },
        {
          "label": "road safety surcharge",
          "amount": 19.3
        },
        {
          "label": "vehicle age fee",
          "amount": 12
        },
        {
          "label": "clerk hire fee",
          "amount": 4
        },
        {
          "label": "emissions programme fees",
          "amount": 0.7
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Connecticut",
      "code": "CT",
      "agency": "Connecticut DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 40,
      "titleFee": 45,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1766.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 109,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2202.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1587.5,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$120 is a 3-YEAR fee (~$40/yr); motorcycle $63/3yr. Town property tax separate. No EV surcharge (EVs pay reduced $57/3yr).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://portal.ct.gov/dmv/resources/dmv-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/connecticut-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1587.5
        },
        {
          "label": "Statutory addons",
          "amount": 49
        },
        {
          "label": "license plate fee",
          "amount": 5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Delaware",
      "code": "DE",
      "agency": "Delaware DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 40,
      "titleFee": 35,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1387.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 40,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1547.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1312.5,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 110,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 85,
      "localAdditions": false,
      "feeStructure": "Verified DE DMV 2026: $40 flat. Alt-fuel surcharges (<=6,000 lbs): EV +$110, PHEV +$85, HEV +$60.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.de.gov/forms/driver_serv_forms/pdfs/dr_frm_manual.pdf",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/delaware-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1312.5
        },
        {
          "label": "document fee",
          "amount": 1312.5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Florida",
      "code": "FL",
      "agency": "Florida Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 35.6,
      "titleFee": 75.25,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1866.35,
      "annualRenewalExample": 33.6,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2000.75,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1500,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Weight tiers: $27.60 (<=2,499 lbs) / $35.60 (2,500-3,499) / $45.60 (>=3,500); shown mid tier. $225 one-time initial registration (Other column). No EV fee.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.flhsmv.gov/fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/florida-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1500
        },
        {
          "label": "initial registration fee",
          "amount": 225
        },
        {
          "label": "base registration fee",
          "amount": 32.5
        },
        {
          "label": "license plate fee",
          "amount": 30.5
        },
        {
          "label": "radio surcharge",
          "amount": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Georgia",
      "code": "GA",
      "agency": "Georgia Department of Revenue",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 20,
      "titleFee": 18,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1789,
      "annualRenewalExample": 21,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1873,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1750,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 238.59,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Base $20. GA DOR FY2026-27 non-commercial AFV (EV) fee $238.59/yr (adjusted annually); PHEV/HEV pay it only with optional AFV plate.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dor.georgia.gov/motor-vehicles/vehicle-registration-license-plates/vehicle-taxes-title-ad-valorem-tax-tavt-and",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/georgia-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1750
        },
        {
          "label": "Title Ad Valorem Tax",
          "amount": 1750
        },
        {
          "label": "mailing fee",
          "amount": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Hawaii",
      "code": "HI",
      "agency": "Hawaii DMV / County Motor Vehicle Offices",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 46,
      "titleFee": 10,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1091.75,
      "annualRenewalExample": 81.75,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1418.75,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1000,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 50,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$45 state fee only; state + county WEIGHT TAXES not included (typical Oahu total $300+/yr). EV +$50 (flat option).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.hawaiicounty.gov/departments/finance/vehicle-registration-and-taxes",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/hawaii-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1000
        },
        {
          "label": "state registration fee",
          "amount": 46
        },
        {
          "label": "safety inspection fee",
          "amount": 25.75
        },
        {
          "label": "county transfer fee",
          "amount": 10
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Idaho",
      "code": "ID",
      "agency": "Idaho Transportation Department",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 69,
      "titleFee": 14,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1583,
      "annualRenewalExample": 69,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1859,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1500,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 140,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 75,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Age-based: $69 (1-2 yrs) / $57 (3-6) / $45 (7+); shown newest tier + county fees. EV +$140, PHEV +$75 (verified ITD).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://itd.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/DMV_title-fee.pdf",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/idaho-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1500
        },
        {
          "label": "age-based registration fee",
          "amount": 69
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Illinois",
      "code": "IL",
      "agency": "Illinois Secretary of State",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 151,
      "titleFee": 165,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1878.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 151,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2482.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1562.5,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 100,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Verified IL SOS 2026: passenger/B-truck $151; motorcycle $41; EV +$100. RV trailer <=3,000 lbs $18 / 3,001-8,000 $30.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.ilsos.gov/departments/vehicles/basicfees.html",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/illinois-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1562.5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Indiana",
      "code": "IN",
      "agency": "Indiana BMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 36.35,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1816.35,
      "annualRenewalExample": 51.35,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2021.75,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1750,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 242,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 81,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Official IN BMV chart: passenger $21.35, truck <=11k $30.35, RV $29.35, motorcycle $26.35, collector $16.35, trailer <=3,000 lbs $16.35. Annual excise tax (value-based) NOT included. EV supplemental fee $242 (BMV Fee Chart), PHEV/HEV $81.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.in.gov/bmv/files/Fee_Chart.pdf",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/indiana-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1750
        },
        {
          "label": "infrastructure fee",
          "amount": 15
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Iowa",
      "code": "IA",
      "agency": "Iowa DOT",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 50,
      "titleFee": 35,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1345,
      "annualRenewalExample": 60,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1585,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1260,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 130,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 65,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Formula: $0.40/100 lbs + 1% of list price, declining to $50 floor at year 12; shown floor. EV +$130, PHEV +$65 (verified).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://iowadot.gov/registration-plates/vehicle-registration-titles/register-vehicle",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/iowa-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1260
        },
        {
          "label": "new registration fee",
          "amount": 1260
        },
        {
          "label": "base registration fee",
          "amount": 364
        },
        {
          "label": "weight-based fee",
          "amount": 14
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Kansas",
      "code": "KS",
      "agency": "Kansas Department of Revenue",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 30,
      "titleFee": 10,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1665,
      "annualRenewalExample": 30,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1785,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1625,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 135,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 70,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Base $30 (<=4,500 lbs; ~$42.25 w/ surcharges) + county property tax (not included). EV/PHEV/HEV surcharges increased 1/1/2026 (HB 2122); verify exact amounts w/ KS DOR.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.ksrevenue.gov/dovtitle.html",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/kansas-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1625
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Kentucky",
      "code": "KY",
      "agency": "Kentucky Transportation Cabinet",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 21,
      "titleFee": 9,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1530,
      "annualRenewalExample": 21,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1614,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1500,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 126,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 126,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Base $21 + county property tax (not included). EV +$126, PHEV/HEV +$63 (indexed).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://drive.ky.gov/Vehicles/Pages/Vehicle-Registration-Renewals.aspx",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/kentucky-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1500
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Louisiana",
      "code": "LA",
      "agency": "Louisiana OMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 20,
      "titleFee": 68.5,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 96.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 20,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 176.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 110,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 60,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Value-tiered plate fee; $20 typical minimum + $8 handling/local fees. Road-usage fee: EV +$110, PHEV/HEV +$60 (LA DOR).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.expresslane.la.gov/omv/vehicles/vehicle-registration-title-plate-fees/",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/louisiana-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "biennial registration fee",
          "amount": 50
        },
        {
          "label": "handling fee",
          "amount": 8
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Maine",
      "code": "ME",
      "agency": "Maine Bureau of Motor Vehicles",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 35,
      "titleFee": 33,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 2043,
      "annualRenewalExample": 635,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 4583,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1375,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$35 state fee; municipal excise tax (MSRP-based) NOT included. No EV surcharge.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.maine.gov/sos/bmv/vehicles/registration-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/maine-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1375
        },
        {
          "label": "excise tax",
          "amount": 600
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Maryland",
      "code": "MD",
      "agency": "Maryland MVA",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 120.5,
      "titleFee": 200,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1985.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 160.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2627.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1625,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 125,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 100,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "1-yr incl. $40 EMS surcharge: <=3,500 lbs $120.50 / 3,501-3,700 $125.50 / >3,700 $191.50; motorcycle $105 (verified MVA). EV +$125, PHEV +$100.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://mva.maryland.gov/title-registration/fees-payment-options",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/maryland-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1625
        },
        {
          "label": "excise tax",
          "amount": 1625
        },
        {
          "label": "emergency medical services surcharge",
          "amount": 40
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Massachusetts",
      "code": "MA",
      "agency": "Massachusetts RMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 30,
      "titleFee": 75,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 2455,
      "annualRenewalExample": 817.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 5725,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1562.5,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$60 = 2-YEAR passenger registration ($30/yr equivalent); motorcycle $20/yr. Municipal excise tax separate. No EV surcharge.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-registry-of-motor-vehicles-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/massachusetts-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1562.5
        },
        {
          "label": "excise tax",
          "amount": 787.5
        },
        {
          "label": "base registration fee",
          "amount": 30
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Michigan",
      "code": "MI",
      "agency": "Michigan Secretary of State",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 140,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 163,
      "annualRenewalExample": 148.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 757,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 267,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 113,
      "localAdditions": false,
      "feeStructure": "No flat fee: registration tax ~0.6% of MSRP, declining with age ($140 = rough typical). 2026 EV +$267, PHEV +$113 (gas-tax indexed, highest in US).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.michigan.gov/sos/all-services/title-transfer-and-vehicle-registration",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/michigan-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "Admin fees",
          "amount": 8
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Minnesota",
      "code": "MN",
      "agency": "Minnesota DVS",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 35,
      "titleFee": 23.5,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1804.75,
      "annualRenewalExample": 52.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2014.75,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1718.75,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 150,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 75,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Value-based: $10 + 1.575% of MSRP x age factor (min ~$35 + fees). EV/PHEV surcharges shown; verify current amounts w/ MN DVS.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://mn.gov/elicense/a-z/index.jsp?id=1083-230975",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/minnesota-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1718.75
        },
        {
          "label": "license plate fee",
          "amount": 15.5
        },
        {
          "label": "filing fee",
          "amount": 12
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Mississippi",
      "code": "MS",
      "agency": "Mississippi DOR",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 14,
      "titleFee": 9,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1288,
      "annualRenewalExample": 27.75,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1399,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1250,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 150,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 75,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$14 flat (state $12.75 + $1.25 county) + county ad valorem (not included). EV +$150; PHEV/HEV +$75.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.dor.ms.gov/motor-vehicle/motor-vehicle-registration-and-renewal",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/mississippi-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1250
        },
        {
          "label": "privilege tax",
          "amount": 15
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Missouri",
      "code": "MO",
      "agency": "Missouri DOR",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 33.25,
      "titleFee": 14.5,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1122,
      "annualRenewalExample": 48.25,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1315,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1056.25,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 150,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 75,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Taxable-horsepower based: $18.25-$51.25 + $9 processing; shown common 36-47 HP tier. EV/PHEV/HEV surcharges indexed annually; verify w/ MO DOR.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dor.mo.gov/motor-vehicle/titling-registration/fees.html",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/missouri-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1056.25
        },
        {
          "label": "multi-year registration fee",
          "amount": 24.25
        },
        {
          "label": "registration processing fee",
          "amount": 9
        },
        {
          "label": "title processing fee",
          "amount": 9
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Montana",
      "code": "MT",
      "agency": "Montana DOJ MVD",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 217,
      "titleFee": 12,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 229,
      "annualRenewalExample": 217,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1097,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 130,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 70,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Age-based: $217 (0-4 yrs) / $87 (5-10) / $28 (11+); shown newest tier + county option tax. EV +$130, PHEV +$70 (<=6,000 lbs).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://mvdmt.gov/vehicle-registration/light-vehicle-registration-and-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/montana-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "age-based registration fee",
          "amount": 217
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Nebraska",
      "code": "NE",
      "agency": "Nebraska DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 15,
      "titleFee": 10,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1801.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 416.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 3467.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1375,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$15 registration + value-based Motor Vehicle Tax (not included). Alt-fuel: EV +$150, PHEV +$75 (verified NE DMV).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.nebraska.gov/dvr/reg/registration-fees-and-taxes",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/nebraska-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1375
        },
        {
          "label": "motor vehicle tax",
          "amount": 380
        },
        {
          "label": "motor vehicle fee",
          "amount": 20
        },
        {
          "label": "county collection fee",
          "amount": 1.5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Nevada",
      "code": "NV",
      "agency": "Nevada DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 33,
      "titleFee": 28.25,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 498.75,
      "annualRenewalExample": 470.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2380.75,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$33 registration + Governmental Services Tax (value-based, not included; motorcycle +$6 safety fee). No EV surcharge.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.nv.gov/regfees.htm",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/nevada-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "basic Governmental Services Tax",
          "amount": 350
        },
        {
          "label": "supplemental Governmental Services Tax",
          "amount": 87.5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "New Hampshire",
      "code": "NH",
      "agency": "New Hampshire DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 48,
      "titleFee": 35,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 91,
      "annualRenewalExample": 48,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 283,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 100,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 50,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "2026 state fee by weight: $42/yr (<=3,000 lbs) / $48 (3,001-5,000) / $66 (5,001-8,000); motorcycle $30 (2026 increase). Municipal permit fee (MSRP-based) NOT included. EV +$100, PHEV +$50.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.dmv.nh.gov/vehicles-boats-and-titles/vehicle-registrations",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/new-hampshire-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "municipal permit fee",
          "amount": 450
        },
        {
          "label": "state fee",
          "amount": 48
        },
        {
          "label": "license plate fee",
          "amount": 8
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "New Jersey",
      "code": "NJ",
      "agency": "New Jersey MVC",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 59,
      "titleFee": 60,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1775.25,
      "annualRenewalExample": 59,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2011.25,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1656.25,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 270,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": false,
      "feeStructure": "Weight/model-year matrix $35.50-$84 + $25 county + $5 processing; shown common tier. ZEV (BEV/FCEV) fee $270/yr from 7/1/2026 (+$10/yr to $290 by 2028); PHEV/HEV exempt.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://nj.gov/mvc/vehicles/regfees.htm",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/new-jersey-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1656.25
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "New Mexico",
      "code": "NM",
      "agency": "New Mexico MVD",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 70,
      "titleFee": 3,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1076,
      "annualRenewalExample": 70,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1356,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1000,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Weight/model-year based: $27-$62/yr before 7/1/2026, +25% (~$34-$78) after. Shown new low tier. No EV surcharge.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.mvd.newmexico.gov/vehicles/vehicle-registration/register-your-vehicle/",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/new-mexico-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1000
        },
        {
          "label": "motor vehicle excise tax",
          "amount": 1000
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "New York",
      "code": "NY",
      "agency": "New York DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 56.5,
      "titleFee": 5,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 2086.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 11.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2132.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 2000,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "2-YEAR weight-based fee: min $26 ($32.50 for 6+ cyl/EV); ~$56.50/2yrs for 3,500-lb sedan. County use tax / $50 MCTD (12 counties) extra. No EV surcharge.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.ny.gov/registration/passenger-vehicle-registration-fees-use-taxes-and-supplemental-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/new-york-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 2000
        },
        {
          "label": "annual registration fee",
          "amount": 28.25
        },
        {
          "label": "license plate fee",
          "amount": 25
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "North Carolina",
      "code": "NC",
      "agency": "North Carolina DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 46.25,
      "titleFee": 66.75,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 876.6,
      "annualRenewalExample": 59.85,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1116,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 750,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 214.5,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 107.25,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Flat $46.25 (locked until 7/1/2028) + county vehicle property tax (not included). EV +$214.50, PHEV +$107.25.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/title-registration/vehicle/Pages/fees.aspx",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/north-carolina-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 750
        },
        {
          "label": "highway use tax",
          "amount": 750
        },
        {
          "label": "inspection fee",
          "amount": 13.6
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "North Dakota",
      "code": "ND",
      "agency": "North Dakota DOT",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 93,
      "titleFee": 5,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1348,
      "annualRenewalExample": 93,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1720,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1250,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 120,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 50,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Fee by year first registered ($49 for 2021+; lower for older). EV road-use +$120, PHEV +$50 (verified ND DOT 2026).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.dot.nd.gov/motor-vehicle",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/north-dakota-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1250
        },
        {
          "label": "excise tax",
          "amount": 1250
        },
        {
          "label": "base registration fee",
          "amount": 93
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Ohio",
      "code": "OH",
      "agency": "Ohio BMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 44,
      "titleFee": 18,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1507.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 52,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1715.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1437.5,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 200,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 150,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "2026 minimum total $44/yr ($16 state + $20 local share + $8 service) + permissive local tax $0-$30. Fuel-type surcharges: EV +$200, PHEV +$150, HEV +$100.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://bmv.ohio.gov/doc-fees.aspx",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/ohio-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1437.5
        },
        {
          "label": "deputy registrar fee",
          "amount": 8
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Oklahoma",
      "code": "OK",
      "agency": "Service Oklahoma (Motor Vehicle)",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 96,
      "titleFee": 28,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1267.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 113,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1719.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 312.5,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 110,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 82,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Age-based: $96 (yrs 1-4) / $86 (5-8) / $66 (9-12) / $46 (13-16) / $26 (17+); shown newest (verified). Motorcycle $99 (yrs 1-4). EV +$110, PHEV +$82.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://oklahoma.gov/service/all-services/auto-vehicle/fees.html",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/oklahoma-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "excise tax",
          "amount": 812.5
        },
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 312.5
        },
        {
          "label": "title transfer fee",
          "amount": 17
        },
        {
          "label": "insurance verification fee",
          "amount": 1.5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Oregon",
      "code": "OR",
      "agency": "Oregon DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 68,
      "titleFee": 106,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 325,
      "annualRenewalExample": 68,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 597,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 125,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 376,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 216,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "2-YEAR fees by MPG: $126 (0-19) / $136 (20-39) / $216 (40+ incl. most hybrids & PHEVs); EV $376/2yrs; motorcycle/moped $88/2yrs. OReGO per-mile option: $86/2yrs + per-mile rate. County fees (e.g. Multnomah $112/2yr) extra.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.oregon.gov/odot/DMV/Pages/Fees/Vehicle.aspx",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/oregon-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "biennial registration fee",
          "amount": 136
        },
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 125
        },
        {
          "label": "privilege tax",
          "amount": 125
        },
        {
          "label": "license plate fee",
          "amount": 26
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Pennsylvania",
      "code": "PA",
      "agency": "PennDOT",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 48,
      "titleFee": 72,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1620,
      "annualRenewalExample": 48,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1812,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1500,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 250,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 63,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Flat $48/yr (verified PennDOT); +$5 local-use fee in 25 counties. 2026 Road User Charge (billed separately): EV $250, PHEV $63. Trailer fees vary by weight; verify.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.pa.gov/content/dam/copapwp-pagov/en/penndot/documents/public/dvspubsforms/bmv/bmv-forms/mv-70s.pdf",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/pennsylvania-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1500
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Rhode Island",
      "code": "RI",
      "agency": "Rhode Island DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 51.75,
      "titleFee": 53.5,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1866.75,
      "annualRenewalExample": 51.75,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2073.75,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1750,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 200,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 100,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "2-YEAR term: $30/yr weight fee (<=4,000 lb GVWR, R.I. Gen. Laws 31-6-1) x2 = $60, plus a $3.50 technology surcharge charged ONCE per transaction (not per year), plus the $40 DOT surcharge raised from $30 eff 1/1/2026 (39-18.1-4) = $103.50 per 2-year term. Annual fuel fees new for 2026: BEV $200, PHEV $100, HEV incl. mild $50.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.ri.gov/registrations-plates-titles/registration/registration-title-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/rhode-island-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1750
        },
        {
          "label": "weight-based fee",
          "amount": 30
        },
        {
          "label": "Department of Transportation surcharge",
          "amount": 20
        },
        {
          "label": "license plate fee",
          "amount": 8
        },
        {
          "label": "technology surcharge",
          "amount": 3.5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "South Carolina",
      "code": "SC",
      "agency": "South Carolina DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 20,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 535,
      "annualRenewalExample": 20,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 615,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 500,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 60,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 30,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$40 is BIENNIAL (2-year) for passenger cars & RVs. EV $120/2yrs (=$60/yr); hybrid/PHEV $60/2yrs (=$30/yr). County road fees extra.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.sc.gov/fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/south-carolina-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 500
        },
        {
          "label": "infrastructure maintenance fee",
          "amount": 500
        },
        {
          "label": "biennial registration fee",
          "amount": 40
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "South Dakota",
      "code": "SD",
      "agency": "South Dakota DOR",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 72,
      "titleFee": 10,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1082,
      "annualRenewalExample": 72,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1370,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1000,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 100,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Weight tiers: $36 (<=2,000 lbs) / $72 (2,001-4,000) / $108 (4,001-6,000) / $144 (>6,000); shown typical-car tier. EV +$100/yr; no PHEV/HEV fee.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dor.sd.gov/individuals/motor-vehicle/all-vehicles-title-fees-registration",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/south-dakota-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1000
        },
        {
          "label": "excise tax",
          "amount": 1000
        },
        {
          "label": "base registration fee",
          "amount": 72
        },
        {
          "label": "technology fee",
          "amount": 2
        },
        {
          "label": "solid waste fee",
          "amount": 1
        },
        {
          "label": "highway patrol fee",
          "amount": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Tennessee",
      "code": "TN",
      "agency": "Tennessee Department of Revenue",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 26.5,
      "titleFee": 14,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1884,
      "annualRenewalExample": 26.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1990,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1838,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 200,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 100,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "State base $26.50 + county wheel tax ($0-$100, not included). EV $200 through 12/31/2026, then $274 (1/1/2027, indexed); PHEV/HEV $100 (verified TN DOR).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.tn.gov/revenue/title-and-registration/vehicle-registration.html",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/tennessee-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1838
        },
        {
          "label": "state sales tax",
          "amount": 1750
        },
        {
          "label": "single article rate",
          "amount": 44
        },
        {
          "label": "local option tax",
          "amount": 44
        },
        {
          "label": "county clerk fee",
          "amount": 5.5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Texas",
      "code": "TX",
      "agency": "Texas DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 51.75,
      "titleFee": 28,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1668.75,
      "annualRenewalExample": 73.25,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1961.75,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1562.5,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 200,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Base $50.75 (cars/light trucks <=6,000 lbs; $54 for 6,001-10,000) + $7.50 inspection-replacement fee + county $0-$21.50. EV: $400 first registration, $200/yr renewal.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.txdmv.gov/motorists/register-your-vehicle",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/texas-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1562.5
        },
        {
          "label": "county fee",
          "amount": 11.5
        },
        {
          "label": "inspection replacement fee",
          "amount": 7.5
        },
        {
          "label": "processing and handling fee",
          "amount": 4.75
        },
        {
          "label": "smog certification fee",
          "amount": 2.75
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Utah",
      "code": "UT",
      "agency": "Utah DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 51,
      "titleFee": 6,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 210.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 204.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1028.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 180,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 62,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$44 base (CPI-indexed) + age-based uniform fee ($150/$110/$80/$50/$10) + county fees (not included). 2026 road fees: EV $180, PHEV ~$62, HEV ~$24; per-mile RUC option available.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.utah.gov/register/registration-taxes-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/utah-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "uniform age fee",
          "amount": 150
        },
        {
          "label": "Statutory addons",
          "amount": 3.5
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Vermont",
      "code": "VT",
      "agency": "Vermont DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 91,
      "titleFee": 42,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1633,
      "annualRenewalExample": 91,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1997,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1500,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 89,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 44.5,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "2026: $91/yr or $167/2yrs (verified VT DMV). EV infrastructure fee +$89, PHEV +$44.50. From 1/1/2027 EVs move to per-mile fee (1.4 cents/mi, max $178).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.vermont.gov/registrations/fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/vermont-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1500
        },
        {
          "label": "purchase and use tax",
          "amount": 1500
        },
        {
          "label": "base registration fee",
          "amount": 89
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Virginia",
      "code": "VA",
      "agency": "Virginia DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 30.75,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1103.25,
      "annualRenewalExample": 50.75,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1306.25,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1037.5,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 135.63,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 0,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Weight-based: $30.75 (<=4,000 lbs) / $35.75 (>4,000); motorcycle $24.75, moped $18.25. EVs pay Highway Use Fee ~$116.49/yr (indexed); fuel-efficient ICE/PHEV/HEV also pay HUF (formula-based). Local personal property tax NOT included.",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/vehicles/taxes-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/virginia-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1037.5
        },
        {
          "label": "inspection fee",
          "amount": 20
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Washington",
      "code": "WA",
      "agency": "Washington DOL",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 65,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1830,
      "annualRenewalExample": 65,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 2090,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1750,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 175,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 75,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$30 base tab fee + weight fee $35/$65/$82.50/$96 (new 1/1/2026 tiers) + ~$13.25 service/filing + local RTA (Seattle metro, value-based) NOT included. EV: $150 EV fee + $75 electrification = $225; PHEV $75 ($225 if >=30-mi electric range).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dol.wa.gov/vehicles-and-boats/vehicles/vehicle-registration/calculate-vehicle-tab-fees",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/washington-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1750
        },
        {
          "label": "weight-based fee",
          "amount": 35
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "West Virginia",
      "code": "WV",
      "agency": "West Virginia DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 51.5,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 1566.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 51.5,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 1772.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 1500,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 200,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 100,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$51.50/yr Class A (any car/light truck <=10,000 lbs), no county variation. EV +$200, PHEV/HEV +$100 (verified).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://dmv.wv.gov/vehicle-services/vehicles/registrations",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/west-virginia-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "sales tax on the purchase price",
          "amount": 1500
        },
        {
          "label": "privilege tax",
          "amount": 1500
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Wisconsin",
      "code": "WI",
      "agency": "Wisconsin DMV",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 85,
      "titleFee": 214.5,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 311.5,
      "annualRenewalExample": 85,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 651.5,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 175,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 75,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "Auto (incl. SUV) $85; light truck <=6,000 lbs $100; motorcycle/moped $23 biennial; + local wheel tax $0-$40. EV +$175, HEV +$75 (verified WisDOT).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://wisconsindot.gov/Pages/dmv/vehicles/title-plates/fee-chart.aspx",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/wisconsin-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "base registration fee",
          "amount": 85
        },
        {
          "label": "license plate fee",
          "amount": 12
        },
        {
          "label": "wheel tax",
          "amount": 1
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "state": "Wyoming",
      "code": "WY",
      "agency": "Wyoming DOT",
      "passengerBaseRegistration": 30,
      "titleFee": 15,
      "firstYearTotalExample": 45,
      "annualRenewalExample": 30,
      "fiveYearTotalExample": 165,
      "purchasePriceTaxExample": 0,
      "evSurchargeAnnual": 100,
      "phevSurchargeAnnual": 50,
      "localAdditions": true,
      "feeStructure": "$30 state fee + county fee (3% of 60% of MSRP x age factor, NOT included). EV +$100/yr, PHEV +$50/yr (corrected per NCSL).",
      "officialSourceUrl": "https://www.dot.state.wy.us/home/titles_plates_registration.html",
      "pageUrl": "https://calculateit.net/wyoming-vehicle-registration-fee-calculator.html",
      "scenario": "2023 model year, $25,000 purchase, out-of-state transfer, petrol",
      "lastReviewed": "2026-08-01",
      "feeComponents": [
        {
          "label": "county registration fee",
          "amount": 630
        },
        {
          "label": "state registration fee",
          "amount": 30
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}